Highlights • Rural livelihoods are intrinsically connected with seasonal climate fluctuations. • Rural livelihoods get more economic benefits from the local ecosystem services (ES) during monsoon and post-monsoon months. • Livelihoods of ES dependent are vulnerable in the pre-monsoon season. • Communities are increasingly diversifying their livelihood strategies to non-ES sectors. • Non-ES dependent livelihoods enjoy increasingly better economic security. …

This article is part of a Special Issue, “Climate Finance Justice: International Perspectives on Climate Policy, Social Justice, and Capital,” edited by Lauren Gifford and Chris Knudson Abstract How much finance should be provided to support climate change adaptation and by whom? How should it be allocated, and on what basis? Over the years, various actors have expressed different normative …

The majority of developing countries have indicated capacity building as a condition for implementing their nationally determined contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement. This is in the context of shortfalls in past initiatives on capacity building under different bilateral and multilateral agencies including bodies of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which can be largely attributed to …